At Kiran Gastro & Liver Clinic, Advanced Endoscopy Center, Dr. Kiran Kumar Jogu, a leading gastroenterologist and hepatologist in Hyderabad, provides expert care for Esophageal Varices and the advanced treatment procedure known as Endoscopic Variceal Banding (EVB). With a focus on advanced diagnostic techniques and minimally invasive treatment options, Dr. Kiran offers effective solutions to manage this potentially life-threatening condition.
Esophageal varices are enlarged veins located in the lower part of the esophagus, often caused by portal hypertension (increased blood pressure in the liver's portal vein). These varices develop as a result of liver cirrhosis or other liver diseases, and when they rupture, they can lead to severe internal bleeding. Immediate medical attention is essential to prevent complications.
While esophageal varices may not cause symptoms until they rupture, some common signs include:
Vomiting blood
Black, tarry stools (indicating bleeding in the digestive tract)
Dizziness or fainting
Abdominal pain or discomfort
Difficulty swallowing (in some cases)
Causes and Risk Factors
Liver damage: Chronic liver damage leading to scarring and increased pressure in the portal vein.
Hepatitis B or C: Chronic infections that can lead to liver cirrhosis.
Alcohol Abuse: Excessive drinking can lead to liver damage, increasing the risk of varices.
Blood Clots in the Portal Vein: Can result in increased pressure in the liver's blood vessels.
Early diagnosis of esophageal varices is critical in preventing life-threatening complications. Diagnostic methods include:
Endoscopy: An upper GI endoscopy is the goldstandard for diagnosing varices. It allows the doctor to directly view the esophagus and detect any enlarged veins.
Imaging Studies: Ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI may be used to assess liver health and portal hypertension.
Liver Function Tests: Blood tests to evaluate liver health and the severity of cirrhosis or liver disease.
Endoscopic Variceal Banding (EVB) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat esophageal varices. Dr. Kiran Kumar Jogu performs this procedure with precision to prevent bleeding or to control bleeding from ruptured varices.
During the procedure, a flexible endoscope is inserted through the mouth into the esophagus, where small rubber bands are placed around the varices. These bands constrict the veins and stop the bleeding, promoting healing and preventing further bleeding.
Beta-blockers: These medications help reduce the pressure in the portal vein, thus preventing variceal bleeding.
Vasoconstrictors: Drugs like octreotide may be used to reduce bleeding from varices.
For severe cases of portal hypertension, a TIPS procedure may be recommended. This involves creating a bypass between the portal vein and hepatic vein to reduce the pressure in the liver.
In some cases, surgery may be needed to remove the varices or manage complications.
Liver Transplant: For patients with severe liver damage or cirrhosis, a liver transplant may be the only option to address the root cause.
Esophageal varices are primarily caused by portal hypertension, which results from liver diseases like cirrhosis, hepatitis, or fatty liver disease. Chronic alcohol use is also a significant risk factor.
Yes, if left untreated, varices can rupture and lead to severe bleeding, which is a medical emergency. Early detection and treatment are essential to prevent life-threatening complications.
EVB is performed through an endoscope inserted into the esophagus, where small rubber bands are placed around the varices to stop bleeding and prevent further enlargement.
Managing liver disease with lifestyle changes, medications, and regular monitoring can help prevent esophageal varices from worsening. Avoiding alcohol, managing hepatitis, and following treatment plans are key to prevention.
EVB is generally safe, but possible side effects include mild discomfort, difficulty swallowing, or mild bleeding. These are rare and usually resolve quickly.
If you are experiencing symptoms of esophageal varices or are at risk due to liver disease, consult Dr. Kiran Kumar Jogu at Kiran Gastro & Liver Clinic, Hyderabad. Early diagnosis and treatment with Endoscopic Variceal Banding (EVB) can prevent serious complications and improve your health. Book your consultation today!